Orthopedics, or orthopedic surgery, is a medical specialty focused on diagnosing, treating, preventing, and rehabilitating conditions related to the musculoskeletal system. This system includes bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves. Here are some key aspects of orthopedics:

1. Conditions Treated:

   • Fractures and Dislocations: Broken bones and dislocated joints.
   • Arthritis: Inflammation of joints, causing pain and stiffness.
   • Sports Injuries: Injuries related to physical activities, such as ligament tears.
   • Back Pain: Issues related to the spine and surrounding muscles.
   • Bone Tumors: Abnormal growths within bones.
   • Congenital Disorders: Conditions present from birth, like clubfoot.

2. Common Procedures:

   • Joint Replacement Surgery: Replacing damaged joints with artificial ones, such as hip or knee replacements.
   • Arthroscopy: Minimally invasive surgery using a camera to diagnose and treat joint problems.
   • Spinal Surgery: Procedures to address issues like herniated discs or spinal stenosis.
   • Fracture Repair: Methods to set and stabilize broken bones.